![]() ![]() Anterior femoral cutaneous vein - a continuation of anterior veins in the distal thigh it crosses the femoral triangle before opening into the great saphenous vein.Posteromedial vein of the thigh (accessory vein of the thigh) - drains the superficial aspect of the posteromedial region of the thigh.The main tributaries of the great saphenous vein join it in the thigh, near its junction with the femoral vein. Just distal to the knee, the great saphenous vein communicates and receives blood from the small saphenous vein, anterior and posterior tibial veins. The great saphenous vein has many connections with the small saphenous vein and the deep veins of the lower limb via perforating veins. Key facts about the great saphenous vein Source It contains 10-20 venous valves, which are more numerous within the leg. ![]() The great saphenous vein is accompanied by branches of the medial femoral cutaneous nerve throughout its course in the thigh. It opens into the femoral vein 2.5 – 3.5 cm inferolateral to the pubic tubercle. It passes behind the medial tibial and femoral condyles before ascending up the medial aspect of the thigh and passing through the saphenous opening, an aperture in the fascia lata of the thigh. It ascends superficial to the medial malleolus, before crossing the distal third of the tibia anteroposteriorly. It is a continuation of the medial marginal vein of the foot and ends in the femoral vein, distal to the inguinal ligament. The great saphenous vein is also referred to as the long saphenous vein and is the longest vein in the human body. This article will discuss the anatomy and tributaries of the veins of the lower limb in detail, followed by any related clinical notes. ![]() Varicose veins, venous thromboembolism, grafting for bypass Small saphenous vein (short saphenous vein) Great saphenous vein (long saphenous vein) Key facts about the veins of the lower limb Superficial veins They also contain tributaries, other veins which drain into them. Both types of veins contain venous valves, to prevent reflux of blood distally, but they are more numerous in the deep veins. They are located within a vascular sheath with the corresponding artery, which helps compress and move blood within the veins. The deep veins accompany the major arteries and their branches and are usually paired. The superficial veins are located within the subcutaneous tissue whilst the deep veins are found deep to the deep fascia. The lower limb consists of two main types of veins: ![]()
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